The development of robotics will largely be determined by related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer products. Analysts have identified the main trends in the market for the following five-years.
People often overestimate the impact with the latest technology in the near future and underestimate its impact eventually.
But this doesn't negate the fact the expert community, the state of hawaii and business need a roadmap for your growth and development of innovative industries sometime soon.
The authors in the annual survey from the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the primary trends of this type plus the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that over the following five-years will have the maximum impact on the development of robotics on the planet.
1. New materials
Even as we consider the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 there are about 3.5 thousand people per robot, and also this ratio is unlikely to cultivate without radical adjustments to the science of materials that robotics is created, the authors in the review are sure. They pay special attention to two promising materials:
gallium nitride (GaN), which may successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;
graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material where it is possible to produce actuators for robots, new batteries plus much more.
2. New reasons for energy, technologies because of its collection and storage
Considering the amount of heat generated with the combustion of gasoline and the human requirement of energy, you can actually calculate that if people were eating gasoline, they'd just have 150 g of fuel each day. In turn, electric motors are even less power efficient than an inside combustion engine. In order for robots so that you can take on humans within their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are needed within their energy supply.
For example, here is the improvement of current lithium batteries, the roll-out of new batteries based on hydrogen, and the like. Also, we've got to not forget about alternative, renewable energy sources. Finally, a technology might be carried out to recharge the robot remotely, for example, from energizes included in the floor or walls.
3. Interaction of sets of robots and people
These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid accidents and accidents, transport robots must have a channel of communication both with humans sufficient reason for one another.
4. Navigation in extreme conditions
Robots should be aware what they are doing and where these are moving not merely under normal human conditions, but in addition where people just cannot make it happen: for instance, in high altitude climates or about the seabed.
In addition, situations is not excluded when the robot will continue completely without communication (for instance, underground or even in the event of the satellite breakdown). In this case, it is very important produce a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Camerabot exist both abroad along with Russia.
5. Machine learning
The continuing development of artificial intelligence is important to produce truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the next several years, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development in this area:
increasing the efficiency utilizing neural networks by making their architecture more technical or reducing power consumption;
teaching algorithmic procedures instead of hard programming, that will simplify and, therefore, accelerate the process of acquiring skills by the machine;
mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;
improvement of motional actions of robots due to artificial intelligence technologies.
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6. Human-machine interaction
The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is all about increasing productivity. That is, automation is not an end by itself, but a power tool to increase economic efficiency. The authors of the review tend to feel that the most effective result will probably be shown not by replacing people with robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will establish in four main areas:
a robot as an instrument that repeats human capabilities (for instance, exoskeletons and prostheses);
robot as something that expands human capabilities;
an avatar robot, which is, a machine remotely controlled with a person in hard-to-reach places;
social interaction with a person, for example voice assistants and chat bots.
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7. Manipulation robotics
The authors in the Sberbank report feel that over the following 5yrs we're unlikely to see a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), however the growth and development of software will increase the capabilities and reduce the expense of manipulation technology.
First of all, we have been speaking about improving the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing an object, may have to inform the operator in greater detail about the weight, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies can make it possible to program more complex trajectories of motion of manipulators.
8. Sensorics
One in the definitions in the concept of "robot", that this analysts of Sberbank adhere to, says that it is a machine which is in a position to perceive the entire world around it by making use of sensors, process the signals received in this manner and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and enhancing the capabilities of sensorics is one of the key trends in the continuing development of robotics inside the coming years.
9. Robosimulators
Large numbers of data are required to teach robots. To receive them, it is just not necessary to create a model of a robot - often it can be economically unprofitable, occasionally dangerous for an individual. Therefore, the amount of development of computer simulators of your robot will simply increase while using expansion of automation.
10. New drive
Fundamentally, the principles of creating drive mechanisms are unlikely to switch, but even here the authors in the review locate a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified in the first paragraph, these might be new motors and gearboxes.
11. Design and production
Again, this really is primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the item design process.
At the assembly stage, the progress of robotics will likely be stimulated from the emergence of latest materials, their decrease in price, along with the development of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, that will make it easier and faster to make new machines.
11 Robot Development Trends
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